There Was Which Bad In Me (Article from Spiegel Online Magazine - Germany, Dated July 27, 1999)

Translated (roughly) from German, reprinted without permission

Dr. P. Daverio explains the surgical sex adjustments and the structure of a Neo Penis

© BEN BEHNKE

The operation takes more than ten hours. Their prehistory hands back about ten years. It begins on one summer day, when Theo is called still Thea and on requests of the nut/mother an Bikini upper section to create for the first time is. It ends to Rosiaz on one spring morning in the surgical department of the Clinique Lausanne, when Theo (name of the editorship modified) goes into the hands of a physician, whom he admires as " a type God "

© BEN BEHNKE

For Dr. Paul Jean Daverio begins on this morning one working day like already many beforehand: Together also to two assisting operating surgeons, supported of the Anaesthesistengespann and three operation sisters, the plastic surgeon wants to make an intervention, which the text books describe as " sex transformation ".
Dr. Daverio explains the operation flow It exchanged even its civilian clothes in the changing room against the green gap of the surgeons, when its patient is shifted into the operating room bright-lit up. No approach of fear, as he is to be seen so frequently before operations in the face defenseless of the delivering; only the impatient smile of a released one at the moment the Errettung accompanies Theo into the unconsciousness of the anaesthesia. Up to the day in the swimming pool, when the trunk is not sufficient for covering the Bloessen any longer, Thea ignored a growing of its chests persistently. Now the twelve-year-old boys, after their father died briefly before surprisingly and the nut/mother began a drinking after seven dry years again, experience indeterminable physical tire as a further disgrace. " on the day I saw so correct for the first time before me that there are men and women and that I into the category women should fall. There thought I, stop, stop, go not." Since at that time, since beginning of puberty, Thea Theo understands itself as a victim of a biological mistake: It feels imprisoned in the meat of the false sex. Increasingly he sees himself controlled by the conflict, which the man in its heading with the body of the ripening, ever other becoming woman delivers. Biologically unique female, in the spirit however long males, reads the confused child even 13jaehrig in a magazine coincidentally something over Transsexualitaet - and finds the controlling topic of his youth, perhaps its life: " that was upsetting. I knew at one time, but there is even a name, and which I have in me, is no spinning mill." Approximately to this time Paul Jean Daverio in Lausanne sews for the first time a Transsexuellen a " Neo Penis " on the shame. The false Phallus becomes the brand name of the surgeon, who is considered today as prominent Penisbauer in Europe. Meanwhile go on its account the " largest statistics of micro-surgical Phalloplastik in the world ". Far over 100 made men carry a member from its workshop in their trousers. On this spring morning Daverio its 83 counts. Case of an operational woman man sex adjustment. He did not count the many more frequent, faster and fewer complicated cases in reverse direction.
Up to the early evening it becomes Theo, as far as it is in its power, which cut last remainder of the Thea from the body. It will erase the primary features of the femaleness, will remove all fruitful one from the lap, which bosoms graden and so that the shank in the hated covering prepare a bloody end 1 year later © BEN BEHNKE

Then he will create Theo from its own korpus a completely new piece of bodies, a " Rollappenpenoidplastik ". Those is itself, if everything good-goes, for two different own: as sex spare part with feeling for maskulinen Sex - certainly without functions for the reproduction - and as substantial organ for the Pinkeln according to type of man.

 

Dynaflex prosthesis with the "acorn" head

© BEN BEHNKE

This intervention unites two humans, who could not be more unequal also beyond all contrasts between physician and patient, omnipotence illusion and faint feeling: Here the world-turned hero at the skalpell, strotzend before vitality, to which zupackt and out of itself out-goes, which loves art and good kitchen and likewise estimates crude jokes like beautiful women. There the verschuechterte in itself turned and in an almost uncanny way sexless working Schmaechtling, which the life with its temptations passed so far apparently without trace. While the one in the vorraum to the operating room with a root brush the fingers rosy schrubbt itself, the other one opposes the over-powerful sleep obligation next door with eyes broken far for one while being silent by the Narkose on the desk. " I wanted to out-cost the moment up to the last second ", report he later, " thought again and again I: I am at the target. I am at the target." And because it understands itself the reawaking as wiedergeburt in a new body, it becomes, as many different before it, this day from now on than its true birthday to celebrate. The way from A to O, of Thea to Theo, leads the girl with male consciousness first by long silence. With nobody it dares to talk. " I thought, if I tell that then none more which with me to do to have wants." For the nut/mother the only child is also " only life contents ". Once she explains to the daughter, her " by hundred percent in each case a girl required herself ". She would have relieved at that time a boy, would have left her him " in the hospital ". At the latest this expression blocks the last access to an open discussion. The two live at the edge of a north German provincial town in one of those terraced house settlements from the sixties, where only thin walls place themselves to the envy and the curiosity of the neighbours into the way. Where each heterogeneity one, each outbreak from the standard is punished with the exclusion from the community. When Theo leaves itself finally to the Narkoseschlaf, the clock at the page frame wall ten shows before eight. Schlappend keucht now the artificially respirating apparatus. The operation team begins with the work. The Anaesthesist lets the small Stereogeraet behind its curtain in absorbed tone Eric Claptons " Unplugged " play, while before the cloth the masked ones make themselves with cutlery steel to the metamorphosis of the " bio woman " the sterile Neutrum in male covering. Theo is now excluded from the theatre around its body, yellow disinfected rests its trunk in the blue cloth. It misses Wagner wagner-Ouvertueren, Beach Boys and Vivaldi, the short Hektik around a violent bleeding, the Aufbrausen of the physician and excited whispering of the sisters. Dream lot through-dawns it the end of its ten-year nightmare: " there was which in me in it, which bad, which did not rauskonnte and which did not rauswollte perhaps." The growing up plans, as soon as them are 18 to emigrate " to South Germany where none knows me and where I wanted to then pull the whole thing through ". Up to then it wants to retain their secret for itself. After she discovered the contradiction between soul and body, she begins to invent names for itself and to create in her fantasy a sound Gegenwelt. " I had structured myself that quite well, had a family, a woman and children. There also Sex occurred. And the reality existed ever fewer." It loses increasingly the relationship with its body, does not look at themselves, bathes with closed eyes. The only mirror in the bath hangs so highly that it can see if necessary their face. Sometimes it masturbiert even, without actually putting hand, in the conception as a daydreamed man. In the real life however sexualitaet does not occur, as if the sexual would be the increase of the bad one. " I did not live with my body. I would say times, I had lived against him. And if I had to then touch myself nevertheless times - thus that is a feeling, as if one burns internally." Paul Jean Daverio and its team have to complete an extensive program: Multi-level interventions with as much as possible steps are considered as speciality of the Lausanner hospital. After exactly one hour the chest glands are distant. " meat ", says the surgeon. From the glitschigen grasp of the second operating surgeon just a bloody handful raw slid into the plastic bag, which to it the instrument sister delayed also through-stretched levers. After the assistant solve before, Daverios black markings in each case carefully following, from the bosom a circular piece from skin and fabric, the nipples seem to swim now on the opened Bloesse Scarcely 50 minutes later first, a further half hour after also the second nipple with the free edge again sewn, is the frauliche gewoelbe to a flat plant reduced. Daverio took in the meantime its workstation between the spread legs of the unconscious one, for it a hose into the blister put forward and from the small schamlippe a piece of the new urethra sewed. The instrument sister itches the forehead. Since it must keep their latexverhuellten hands sterile, it rubs like cattle against the branch its heading against the tied up foot of the patient. Although Theo does not even have a third of the " thing " behind itself, one of its large problems is already eliminated: Since it concerns to it particularly its visible appearance, the exterior loaded it always more as all inside, the bosom more than " things in the antinode bulge ". " mark when drying, one comes in such a way nevertheless times with itself into contact, there I there something noticed and was fixed convinced of the fact that it must be cancer of the breast. And then I made happy and thought, now go myself you to the physician, and says to you: wrong does to us, but we must unfortunately away-make that all.' And if I come back then from the hospital, then that is everything away, and the kacke is past." Such mutilating fantasies reflect the overwhelming longing of Transsexuellen to be in the body of the other sex. In nature is the division in two parts between womanlike and male, of the most rare cases of the hermaphrodites apart, unique. Only the human culture aufgeweicht in the course of its development the sharp separation - an ambiguity developed, for which there is a pair of words in English: " sex " for constant biological and " towards that " for the variable cultural sex. Androgyne, Transvestiten and Transsexuelle become a type " third sex " between man and woman. While Androgyne are by smearing the boundaries in the intermediate realm of the Uneindeutigen and Transvestiten, breaking through the dress order, fall apart when wanderer of Gender change the sex on the other hand, with Transsexuellen Sex and Gender. They are on a physical change out: Not only temporarily the clothes, but the body under it are to be adapted irrevocablly to the differently-sexual one I. If the adjustment is only carried out, they feel themselves no more third, but only their new sex appropriately. Paul Jean Daverio believes, humans are " doubly created ": anatomically unique man or woman, with the mental conception of the shape however only more one or more the other one. After its opinion biology and consciousness of the sex can apart-go in exceptional cases, since Physis and psyche develop independently. The rule of the soul over the body however holds Daverio for so overwhelming that the anatomy of the anomaly is to be adapted and not turned around. The clock shows half eleven, when it proclaims: " Regarde, regarde, pours beauté " - looks, which beauty. It free-prepared two nerves within the shame area, which it wants to connect later with the Neo Penis. Thus its work is for the time being terminated in the intersection of the thighs. Now the creative part, the Penisaufbau from a part of the lower arm begins. The surgery is for Daverio more art handicraft. The previous evening it visited Theo in its hotel-suited single room under the roof of the converted mansion. For a long time it looked at itself the tender body of its patient and did not gefachscherzt with it over " tail sizes " ("elephant trunks to have we in stock, which we would have to order "). Finally it sketched the outlines of the skin rag, from which the Neo Penis is to develop in manners of a Skulpteurs on Theos left lower arm, and which it opens now millimeters around millimeters with calm hand. While it prepares the fabric blood vessels and nerve strands inclusively at the lever, two surgeons make themselves " to clear " the antinode bulge of the dawning behind his back. After one hour are situated ovaries, gebaermutter and Vagina in the supplied plastic bowl. So similarly Theo always painted itself that: " I had to it a little so a masochistische adjustment. I have myself to present tried, I am situated there and those cut me into my unique pieces, and that was a mad feeling." With his total operations Paul Jean Daverio belongs to the most consistent operators of a " Medikalisierung of the sex change ", which described Stefan Hirschauer in its book " the social construction of the Transsexualitaet ". The Bielefelder sociologist believes, " that the Transsexualitaet particularly by the medicine is brought out ". Since the term Transsexualismus at the beginning of the fifties came into the medical field of vision, specialists argue about whether it concerns itself thereby around psychological suffering from the body or a changed body status with psychological consequences. Recently Netherlands researchers, the size of a tiny nerve node in the brain reported the sex identity is connected. However also they do not know to surely say whether its scope the desire for sex transformation caused or whether it is their consequence. " crazy person at the Transsexualismus is that the Transsexuellen is not moved, is called " it in the book " sex change ": " your mental writingness is not, mistake ' of nature, but in, work of art ' of humans." Paul Jean Daverio free-prepared exactly 20 minutes after noon of Theos lever the skin rag, out of which he wants to form the Neo Penis. Two nerve ends are marked by white, a Arterie by a red and a Vene by a blue small band. The rag is supplied further with blood. Around twenty after one it sewed a part of the skin rag from the lower arm, with the Aussenhautseite inward, around a silicone hose. Thus develops a fine skin tube, which becomes in a few days, if the hose is again distant, the new urethra. Around this tube it, bloody page drappiert on bloody page, the remainder of the free-prepared skin. It laminates the two skin surfaces sand yield-like one on the other, so that they can grow together together. The easily behaarte lever skin becomes the outer skin of the Ersatzphallus. After Daverio washed and into damp federations packed the thing carefully, he goennt himself with its colleagues a break. While the physicians in the garden of the mansion with view approve themselves over that Geneva lake the hospital-usual midday menu, the blood circulation in the role is to stabilize. Their patient hangs meanwhile to drips, gets already his third unit of stored blood. Theo turns briefly before its 21. Birthday to a Telefonseelsorge and experiences there from a weekly Transsexuellen table reserved for regulars in the close large city. The date of its first attendance when meeting the " Transen " it notes like other people its wedding day: " on this 28 October my fantasy world was so well final. There I knew, now can I begin to live in the reality." For the first time white he under Gleichgesinnten, hears himself stories of medical odysseys, sees Phalloplastiken in photos and in natura ("one goes to stop there briefly together on the Herrenklo "), compares the results and hears the name of an operating surgeon in Switzerland, " that the most beautiful tails builds ". If Paul Jean Daverio accesses to meter and thread, its attention applies the even measure of the forms. He draws exact structural drawings, makes themselves patterns, sketches the Phallus suitably the Statur of its future owner. " a Penis must fit in also the shape of the body ", says it, " it may not as found and hung up work." Around ten before three the surgeon begins with the fine work on Theos new part of the body. The operating microscope is structured. With solemn gesture Daverio goes to it, the Rollappen from the protecting cloth to windings to separate and on the shame in position bring it with the skalpell from the lever. The music from the Radiorekorder of the Anaesthesisten grew silent. With nervous views pursues the instrument sister each movement of the surgeon, who sews the blood vessels from Theas abdomen with Theos new Penis with the precision of a clockwork. Only on the monitor of the microscope easy trembling of its hands is to be detected. Occasionally the concentrated voltage in a curse unloads itself. " Merde ", he calls and explains to the nervously looking Narkosearzt: " scheisse to cry helps." Not fewer importantly than the form Daverio takes the function of its Konstrukte. After the blood vessels it connects the free-prepared nerve ends from the Vulva with those in the role from the lever at the latest after a half year should the Phalloplastik be fully sensitive. The Neo Penis will feel for Theo like a its own part of the body, which it will feel by gradual " reprogramming " of the body picture in its brain in the suitable place. Even in the urethra he is to develop feelings, to assume the river of the warm urine. Within six months Theo could owing to Daverios assistance also somewhat experience, what he could do so far only in his fantasy world: sexual excitation. The surgeon sewed the free-prepared Klitoris to the " Penisbasis " - under the testicle back-up hides, which developed from the remainders of the schamlippen. "That is a fantastic attraction means, which he must only activate ", explains the physician. All those patients, whose development it pursues over years, are " fully orgasmusfaehig " and would have " a quite normal Sexualleben ". Of it no speech could be before the operations: Without exception all " bio women ", who Daverio help to member and new identity, were still virgins, when he made her man-same women without abdomen. The improved results with woman to Anna fits one of the causes for the fact might be that the so-called Sex Ratio continues to shift ever: Came in the sixties on a bio woman, who let herself be made the man, still eight reverse cases, the relation is today with one to two, with tendency direction resembling and. According to estimations only about 1 understands itself about 45,000 humans as transsexuell. In Germany there is therefore even 1800, after more generous calculations of 5000 cases. Nevertheless the phenomenon exercises a large fascination. As continuous guests in Talkshows Transsexuelle wake the fantasy of the public like once human Monstrositaeten on medieval fairs. " monster " calls the Sexualwissenschaftler Reimut realms still 1984 operated Transsexuelle, " production from human hand, in a cabinet of Dr. Mabuse, Dr. Moreau become the reality and the student Franconia stone." When Paul Jean Daverio sees the first Phallus under his hands developing in that time, also it feels still another track of scruples: " we go already rather far ", remember it its thoughts. " may one do that? Don't we bungle God in the handicraft?" But practice absent-minded its doubts: Under meters come only hormoneal pre-treated patients, whom the intervention defamed only from the remnants of their long sex to release is. The surgeon completes, which already prepared chemistry: From its view it creates an obvious contradiction from the world by its Frankensteiniaden only. The bio women are long men with beard stature and dark voice, who are so unnecessary bosoms and gebaermutter, as the Gemaecht is missing to them as Insignie of the man unity. The fact that it must be able to be given for sex adjustment hormone syringe that it needs every three weeks an injection and its whole life will be long dependent on medical assistance experiences Theo only with the " Transen" table reserved for regulars. The certificate of an advisory board provides access to a physician, who begins with the hormone handling for it. "I knew simply that these hormones mean through bodies there now fly, and that was mad, that was a release, that was everything. I have today still the photocopy of the prescription." Inadvertently the physician help it also to the private Coming out, when he calls with him at home and the nut/mother goes to the telephone. Didn't she always suspect somewhat? Now it places the daughter, who should not be a son, to the speech - and hears history from A to Z: " I that to make ", terminates the Thea long of age their report, " no matter, which you think now from me." But the nut/mother feels released, because her largest fear did not prove to be true: That the daughter is lesbian. It is supported it to be, the Theo crucially with a function, which is much more delicate than all medical measures: With the patience of a Missionarin it clears up for neighbours and used, recruits understanding for the decision of its child - and has success. Theo is accepted, Thea is forgotten, as if nature corrected a mistake after 20 years. A half year after its first table reserved for regulars attendance meets Theo at a trade conference for Transsexualitaet for the first time Paul Jean Daverio. " it passed me, and there I knew simply: That is it." With such meetings some users carry even for t-Shirts with counter-protect the surgeon. There he is the star, when who he would see himself dearest also outside of his strange fan municipality: " I would already gladly be a quite large one ", say he. Theo drives three months after the congress in the auto with a table reserved for regulars colleague to preliminary talks to Lausanne. " I did not have the feeling that he sees me as a woman. I knew simply, white also, there am which, that must away that that does not please him also. I was quite sure me that he at me which would bring." It receives a cost estimate, submits its desiring at home with the health insurance company, can by two psychologists be examined. The one judges its case easily positively, the other one ("Transsexuelle " hates) guesses/advises it first to try it with a lesbian relationship until also it finally agrees at least the change of name. Toward end this fate yearly receives " Mrs. Theo K." of the insurance the written notification that it is allowed to their request and he may to be able to be operated in Switzerland. Other checkouts reject the handling approximately abroad. They require the fact that the intervention in Germany is made - even if it requires in addition some operations instead of as in Lausanne only one and is together at the end even more expensive than the ten-hour giant meeting in the Clinique la Rosiaz to Geneva lake. There Theos health insurance company of 69,000 Swiss Franconias for the first operation will transfer inclusive stay as well as all pre and subsequent treatments. If Theo decides for a second intervention, with which Daverio will implant reinforcement materials when desired to him to the mechanical Erektion and acorn and artificial testicles from silicone, is due further 20,000 to 25,000 Franconias. The clock at the page frame wall points briefly to half six, when the surgeon cleans and shaves " his " Penis affectionately. " war's ", the creator says obviously exhausted. Exactly ten hours after the first cut it sews the sheath in the sharp light of the OI emitters always too. It switches an ultrasonoscope on for hearing the pulse impacts and presses the sound head firmly in white-sausage-bleaches pendants. First nothing is to be heard as homogeneous dull/musty Kraechzen from the loudspeaker. Suddenly Daverio calls: " there, you, tum tum, hear tum tum, tum tum." As from infinite distance even pounding is to be heard from the Kraechzen: Pumping the blood in the new Penis. Its creature lives. Still for days, while the Penisrolle increases, Theo in its sick-room to remain connected with the pulse detector, which strikes it the clock for the new life. " pounds and pounds. And then it comes and says: That is quite mad. And as it unpacked that for the first time, which was, as if that always dagewesen would be." Theos nut/mother is from the alcohol again away. The wall around the bath tub disguised its returned home son with mirror page frames. On the stairs to its roof room hangs saeuberlich framed a black-and-white photo, which shows the surgeon: decided, schalkhaft, mysteriously. " I know quite exactly that I will be never something large in its life. But there were moments, in which he was there practically only for me, and which is enough to me." Juergen nephew, 43, is an SPIEGEL editor in Berlin. Ben Behnke, 47, operates as a photographer in Hamburg.